[40] William V was addressed with the epithet "the Pious" and like his contemporary Wittelsbach dukes promoted himself as "father of the land" (Landesvater), encouraged pilgrimages and Marian devotions. Daglfing-Denning-Englschalking-Johanneskirchen-Zamdorf. Bath, UK: Parragon Publishing. [75] In 1970 the Munich city council released funds so that the iconic gothic facade and Glockenspiel of the New City Hall (Neues Rathaus) could be restored.[76]. At Munich's official weather stations, the highest and lowest temperatures ever measured are 37.5C (100F), on 27 July 1983 in Trudering-Riem, and 31.6C (24.9F), on 12 February 1929 in the Botanic Garden of the city. [74], Munich hosted the 1972 Summer Olympics. FC Bayern Munich Basketball is currently playing in the Beko Basket Bundesliga. It is used by about 46million passengers a year, and lies some 30km (19mi) north east of the city centre. [128], Since 2001, historically interesting places in Munich can be explored via the cultural history trails (KulturGeschichtsPfade). Christian Behrer: Das Unterirdische Mnchen. The location of the city made it an important commercial hub from the Middle Ages onwards, and this rich heritage can still be seen and felt today. [62] Construction work for the Fhrerbau and the party headquarters (known as the Brown House) started in September 1933. Munich offers 11 restaurants that have been awarded one or more Michelin stars in the Michelin Guide of 2021.[130]. For Americans retiring in Germany, or citizens from other certain third countries such as Australia, South Africa, Japan, Israel, Canada, New Zealand, and Switzerland, it is possible to enter Germany for up to 90 days without a visa and apply for German residency while living there. The town is first mentioned as forum apud Munichen in the Augsburg arbitration[de] of 14 June 1158 by Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I. Just south of the city center is one of Munich's trendiest neighborhoods. to be one of Europe's most beautiful royal residences. [citation needed]. The city again became important to the Nazis when they took power in Germany in 1933. Deutsches Ortsnamenbuch. Free Public transport. In total,. Some notable bars (pubs are located all over the city) are Schumann's Bar, Havana Club, Sehnsucht, Bar Centrale, Holy Home, Negroni, Die Goldene Bar and Bei Otto. Cycle paths can be found alongside the majority of sidewalks and streets, although the newer and/or renovated ones are much easier to tell apart from pavements than older ones. What parts of Germany were in East Germany? US troops liberated Munich on April 30, 1945. Two further surf spots within the city are located along the river Isar, the wave in the Flolnde channel and a wave downstream of the Wittelsbacherbrcke bridge. For many decades, the country was divided into two: East and West Germany. Stuttgart is 30.62% less expensive than New York (without rent). The city's ice hockey club is EHC Red Bull Mnchen who play in the Deutsche Eishockey Liga. The Bavaria statue before the neo-classical Ruhmeshalle is a monumental, bronze sand-cast 19th-century statue at Theresienwiese. With the Munich Biennale founded by Hans Werner Henze, and the A*DEvantgarde festival, the city still contributes to modern music theatre. It would become the prototype for beer halls across Munich. At the centre of the city is the Marienplatz a large open square named after the Mariensule, a Marian column in its centre with the Old and the New Town Hall. Bernd Meier, Ludwig Maile: Heilig Kreuz Frttmaning 815-1990. Another area for the arts next to the Kunstareal is the Lehel quarter between the old town and the river Isar: the Museum Five Continents in Maximilianstrae is the second largest collection in Germany of artefacts and objects from outside Europe, while the Bavarian National Museum and the adjoining Bavarian State Archaeological Collection in Prinzregentenstrae rank among Europe's major art and cultural history museums. Most high-rise buildings are clustered at the northern edge of Munich in the skyline, like the Hypo-Haus, the Arabella High-Rise Building, the Highlight Towers, Uptown Munich, Mnchner Tor and the BMW Headquarters next to the Olympic Park. A survey by the Society's Centre for Sustainable Destinations for the National Geographic Traveller chose over 100 historic destinations around the world and ranked Munich 30th.[105]. ICE highspeed trains stop at Munich-Pasing and Munich-Hauptbahnhof only. Ludwig II nevertheless generated a windfall for Munich's craft and construction industries. Other baroque churches in the inner city include the Brgersaalkirche, the Trinity Church and the St. Anna Damenstiftskirche. The oldest church within the city borders is Heilig Kreuz in Frttmaning next to the Allianz Arena, known for its Romanesque fresco. The headquarters of the German branch of Random House, the world's largest publishing house, and of Burda publishing group are also in Munich. [57] In 1911 the expressionist group Der Blaue Reiter was established in Munich. Siegfried Bufe: Hauptbahn MnchenRegensburg. Use the LMS video feature to record an oral presentation about the map that details the methods of transportation you would use to effect your escape. Other notable musicians and bands from Munich include Konstantin Wecker, Willy Astor, Spider Murphy Gang, Mnchener Freiheit, Lou Bega, Megaherz, FSK, Colour Haze and Sportfreunde Stiller. InterCity and EuroCity trains to destinations east of Munich also stop at Munich East. Since the fall of the historic wall in 1989, Berlin today is now a vast, unified city diverse in ethnic groups and abundant in sightseeing attractions . [35], In 1349, the Black Death ravaged Munich and Bavaria.[36]. Sebalder Altstadt is a truly amazing neighborhood for your first time in Nuremberg! Bishop Otto von Freising (d. 1158) was a scholar, historian and bishop of a large section of Bavaria that was part of his diocese of Freising. Brigitte Huber: Mauern, Tore Bastionen. Starting in 1948 West Germany became a major recipient of reconstruction aid . It is a Munich speciality. Since the 1980s, however, Schwabing has lost much of its nightlife activity due to gentrification and the resulting high rents, and the formerly wild artists' and students' quarter developed into one of the city's most coveted and expensive residential districts, attracting affluent citizens with little interest in partying. [22], The ancient Roman road Via Julia, which connected Augsburg and Salzburg, crossed over the Isar River south of modern-day Munich, at the towns of Baierbrunn and Gauting. The Olympic Park subway station was built near the BMW Headquarters and the line was completed May 1972, three months before the opening of the 1972 Summer Olympics. [citation needed], The period immediately before World War I saw continued economic and cultural prominence for the city. In 1933, 840,901 inhabitants were counted, and in 1957 over 1million. The best route would be through Drenden, then going through Prague, then turning right towards Vienne, thereby touching Austria, and then finally reaching Gyor. [167] Lufthansa opened its second hub at the airport when Terminal 2 was opened in 2003. Following World War II, the population of both parts of Germany rose The area around Knigsplatz is home to the Kunstareal, Munich's gallery and museum quarter (as described below). Munich remains one of the centres of the German film and entertainment industry. The party created its first concentration camp at Dachau, 16km (9.9mi) north-west of the city. Motorways from Stuttgart (W), Nuremberg, Frankfurt and Berlin (N), Deggendorf and Passau (E), Salzburg and Innsbruck (SE), Garmisch Partenkirchen (S) and Lindau (SW) terminate at Munich, allowing direct access to the different parts of Germany, Austria and Italy. There are many smaller beer gardens and around twenty major ones, providing at least a thousand seats, with four of the largest in the Englischer Garten: Chinesischer Turm (Munich's second-largest beer garden with 7,000 seats), Seehaus, Hirschau and Aumeister. [6] Once Bavaria was established as a sovereign kingdom in 1806, Munich became a major European centre of arts, architecture, culture and science. [106] It contains a naturist (nudist) area, numerous bicycle and jogging tracks as well as bridle-paths. [119] Starkbierfest is also known as the fifth season, and is celebrated in beer halls and restaurants around the city. The mainline station is a terminal station with 32 platforms. In November 1918, on the eve of the German revolution, Ludwig III and his family fled the city. RM2M96D93 - A road sign at Ullitz, Hof-Plauen, Thuringia, Germany, showing the border between East and West Germany, which was changed when the Berlin Wall came down on 12 November 1989. . [42], The Catholic League was founded in Munich in 1609. The data is supposed to be used to create a plan for action for adapting the city to better deal with climate change as well as an integrated action program for climate protection in Munich. [125] To promote these ideals, 70% of all Tollwood events and attractions are free. The Simpl, which survives to this day (although with little relevance to the city's contemporary art scene), was named after Munich's anti-authoritarian satirical magazine Simplicissimus, founded in 1896 by Albert Langen and Thomas Theodor Heine, which quickly became an important organ of the Schwabinger Bohme. The Karlstor leads up to the Stachus, a square dominated by the Justizpalast (Palace of Justice) and a fountain. The arts and politics became increasingly influenced by the court. According the annual study released on Wednesday, the economies of Brandenburg, Saxony, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Saxony-Anhalt and Thuringia trail western states by 18 percent. [citation needed], After making an alliance with Napoleonic France, the city became the capital of the new Kingdom of Bavaria in 1806 with Elector Maximillian Joseph becoming its first King. It is also very affordable when it comes to the cost of living. [120] There are two beer tents, Hippodrom and Festhalle Bayernland, as well as one roofed beer garden, Mnchner Weibiergarten. Shortly before the opening ceremony, Munich also inaugurated a sizable pedestrian priority zone between Klarlsplatz and Marienplatz. [94] About 1% adhere to other Christian denominations. [162] Its public transport system delivered 566million passenger trips that year. Traffic jams are commonplace during rush hour as well as at the beginning and end of major holidays in Germany. By advancing clocks across the country by 6 minutes and 32 seconds in 1893, Germany entered the time zone it still uses today. Zelenskiy speaks at Munich security conference as Scholz, Macron and Kamala Harris are in Germany; French leader says Ukraine needs more support This video has been removed. The gallery houses one of the world's most comprehensive Rubens collections. meets with United States Secretary of State at the Munich Security Conference (MSC . Ausgrabungen und Dokumentation - Vergangenheit aus dem Boden. Whereas residents in the Bavarian city of Starnberg near Munich topped the list of 401 districts and independent towns with an average annual disposable income of 34,987 ($39,150), the North. Old Norse verjar defender, settler), from Proto Indo-European. On 13 February 1327, a large fire broke out in Munich that lasted two days and destroyed about a third of the town. The core members were arrested and executed after Sophie Scholl and her brother Hans Scholl were caught distributing leaflets on Munich University campus calling upon the youth to rise against Hitler. West Germany and East Germany were unified in 1990. [121] There are also roller coasters, fun houses, slides, and a Ferris wheel. The Augsburg Arbitration mentions the name of the location in dispute as forum apud Munichen. Establishments open and close every year, and due to gentrification and the overheated housing market many survive only a few years, while others last longer. [136][134][137] Transsexual icon Romy Haag had a club in the city centre for many years. World leaders converge this weekend on Germany for the annual Munich Security Conference which will be dominated by the Ukraine crisis as major Western powers warn the Kremlin looks close to . The second large Baroque residence is Schloss Schleissheim (Schleissheim Palace), located in the suburb of Oberschleissheim, a palace complex encompassing three separate residences: Altes Schloss Schleissheim (the old palace), Neues Schloss Schleissheim (the new palace) and Schloss Lustheim (Lustheim Palace). The city hosted the 1972 Summer Olympics and was one of the host cities of the 1974 and 2006 FIFA World Cups. Although Bishop Otto had lost his bridge, the arbiters ordered Duke Henry to pay a third of his income to the Bishop in Freising as compensation. : 1.48 million), capital and largest city of Bavaria, founded in the 12th century by Benedictine monks. JW LOWRY, 1862 map. Regular annual road running events in Munich are the Munich Marathon in October, the Stadtlauf end of June, the company run B2Run in July, the New Year's Run on 31 December, the Spartan Race Sprint, the Olympia Alm Crosslauf and the Bestzeitenmarathon. [citation needed], Annual "High End Munich" trade show. Some of the most notable were Thomas Mann, Heinrich Mann, Paul Heyse, Rainer Maria Rilke, Ludwig Thoma, Fanny zu Reventlow, Oskar Panizza, Gustav Meyrink, Max Halbe, Erich Mhsam and Frank Wedekind. [121], May, August, and October, Mariahilfplatz:[118] Auer Dult is Europe's largest jumble sale, with fairs of its kind dating back to the 14th century. The distance between Nuremberg and Berlin is 378 km. The logic of filtering a mode of transport is fully expressed in a comprehensive model for laying out neighbourhoods and districts the fused grid. Three redundant exhibition buildings that are under a protection order were converted to house the Verkehrsmuseum, which houses the land transport collections of the Deutsches Museum. Today, Munich is a global centre of art, science, technology, finance, publishing, culture, innovation, education, business, and tourism and enjoys a very high standard and quality of living, reaching first in Germany and third worldwide according to the 2018 Mercer survey,[7] and being rated the world's most liveable city by the Monocle's Quality of Life Survey 2018. As this symbol of Cold War repression was destroyed, East and. The collection reflects the eclectic tastes of the Wittelsbachs over four centuries and is sorted by schools over two floors. Siedler, Mnchen 2015, ISBN 978-3-8275-0080-9. The German Democratic Republic (GDR), German: Deutsche Demokratische Republik (DDR), often known in English as East Germany, existed from 1949 to 1990. It is the seat of the Landtag of Bavaria, the State Chancellery, and all state departments. [54] Prominent Munich Jugendstiel artists include Hans Eduard von Berlepsch-Valendas, Otto Eckmann,[55] Margarethe von Brauchitsch, August Endell, Hermann Obrist, Wilhelm von Debschitz,[56] and Richard Riemerschmid. Evidence of Celtic settlements from the Iron Age have been discovered in areas around Perlach. Years earlier (the exact time is unclear, but may have been in the early 10th century), Benedictine monks helped build a toll bridge and a customs house over the Isar River (most likely in the modern town of Oberfhring) to control the salt trade between Augsburg and Salzburg (which had existed since Roman times). Other large green spaces are the modern Olympiapark, the Westpark, and the parks of Nymphenburg Palace (with the Botanischer Garten Mnchen-Nymphenburg to the north), and Schleissheim Palace. It replaced the smaller Munich-Riem airport in 1992. Halle. The local rivers are the Isar and the Wrm. Some of classical music's best-known pieces have been created in and around Munich by composers born in the area, for example, Richard Strauss's tone poem Also sprach Zarathustra or Carl Orff's Carmina Burana. The architect Paul Troost was asked to start work shortly after the Nazis had seized power because "the most German of all German cities" was left with no exhibition building when in 1931 the Glass Palace was destroyed in an arson. Greenpeace misst Feinstaub und Dieselru in Mnchen", "Munich Transport Corporation (MVG) Sustainability Report 2014/2015", "Munich Public Transportation Statistics", Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, "Flughafen Oberpfaffenhofen: Rolle rckwrts Bayern Aktuelles merkur-online", "Flughafen Oberpfaffenhofen Business-Jets willkommen Mnchen", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Munich&oldid=1142743298. The wealthy district of Bogenhausen in the east of Munich is another little-known area (at least among tourists) rich in extravagant architecture, especially around Prinzregentenstrae. Germany time now. Life in Erlangen takes on a slow pace. Willibald Karl (Hrsg. Berlin Central Station functions as hub of train transport in Eastern Germany. 200,000 liters of milk. He then built a new toll bridge, customs house and a coin market closer to his home somewhat upstream (at a settlement around the area of modern oldtown Munich: Marienplatz, Marienhof and the St. Peter's Church). It is Germany's largest theatre for guest performances. functions and expanded the physical presence of control mechanisms. [65], The city was the site where the 1938 Munich Agreement signed between Britain and France with Germany as part of the Franco-British policy of appeasement. Nowadays it is entirely a park, its southern half being dominated by wide-open areas, hills, monuments and beach-like stretches (along the streams Eisbach and Schwabinger Bach). In 1957, Munich's population surpassed one million. The Grnwald castle is the only medieval castle in the Munich area which still exists. The nearby Michaelskirche is the largest renaissance church north of the Alps, while the Theatinerkirche is a basilica in Italianate high baroque, which had a major influence on Southern German baroque architecture. Given the local university and an international population, there are restaurants in town from all over the world, but Italian cuisine seems to be particularly popular here. The average amount of time people spend commuting to and from work with public transit in Munich on a weekday is 56 min. [168] However, in October 2009, the permit allowing up to 9725 business flights per year to depart from or land at Oberpfaffenhofen was confirmed by a regional judge.[169]. In 1175, Munich received city status and fortification. In Munich, at 500 meters (1,600 feet) above sea level, the average temperature in January is -0.5 C (31 F), and there are around 100 days per year with temperatures below freezing, at least at night. In addition, it is one of the most attractive business locations in Germany. It was 100,000 in 1852, 250,000 in 1883 and 500,000 in 1901. Bavaria (and Munich) are not in The Black Forest. The following guided tours cover some of the topics we touched on during our east to west walk: Munich City of Art, Nymphenburg Palace, Royal Munich and Munich - Third Reich Tour. [citation needed], Since the mid-1990s, the Kunstpark Ost and its successor Kultfabrik, a former industrial complex that was converted to a large party area near Mnchen Ostbahnhof in Berg am Laim, hosted more than 30 clubs and was especially popular among younger people from the metropolitan area surrounding Munich and tourists. Published April 23, 2021 06:44:00 At the end of World War II, Germany was divided in half, leaving West and East Germany. 3-Migration from East Germany to West Germany 1949-1987. Austro-Bavarian has no official status by the Bavarian authorities or local government, yet is recognised by the SIL and has its own ISO-639 code. Wherever you go, Romanesque, Gothic and baroque classics rub rafters with architectural creations from modern masters. The extensive network of subway and tram lines assists and complement pedestrian movement in the city centre. Wolf-Armin Freiherr von Reitzenstein (2006), "Mnchen", Lexikon bayerischer Ortsnamen. In 1789, the Englischer Garten was created just north of Munich's old city center. The subterranean S-Bahn with 2 platforms and U-Bahn stations with 6 platforms are through stations.[164][165]. Retiring in Germany: who can retire? Since early 1800s the custom spread via journeymen in it is now a common tradition over the Old Bavaria region. For a short while, Vladimir Lenin lived in Schwabing, where he wrote and published his most important work, What Is to Be Done? RFFB0FFM - GERMANY SOUTH EAST. Which Teeth Are Normally Considered Anodontia? Good district, although not quite as noble as the districts 3 and 4 north of the centre. Munich is the largest publishing city in Europe[157] and home to the Sddeutsche Zeitung, one of Germany's biggest daily newspapers. These plans were opposed by many residents in the Oberpfaffenhofen area as well as other branches of local Government, including the city of Munich, which took the case to court. The borders between East and West Berlin, however, remained physically undivided, and getting to West Berlin became the easiest way to escape to West Germany. This could be because . The Munich Airport, which commenced operations in 1992, was named in his honor. Hrsg. Schloss Nymphenburg (Nymphenburg Palace), some 6km (4mi) north west of the city centre, is surrounded by an park and is considered[by whom?] Peter Siebenmorgen: Franz Josef Strau, Ein Leben im berma. In order halt this mass emigration from East Germany, East German State . The western portion of Maximilianstrae is known for its designer shops, luxury boutiques, jewellery stores, and one of Munich's foremost five-star hotels, the Hotel Vier Jahreszeiten. Music is so important in the Bavarian capital that the city hall gives permissions every day to ten musicians for performing in the streets around Marienplatz. Numerous tiny alleys and shady lanes connect the larger streets and little plazas of the area, conveying the legendary artist's quarter's flair and atmosphere convincingly like it was at the turn of the 20th century. Being at the centre of Europe, Munich is subject to many climatic influences, so that weather conditions there are more variable than in other European cities, especially those further west and south of the Alps. [60], In 1923, Adolf Hitler and his supporters, who were concentrated in Munich, staged the Beer Hall Putsch, an attempt to overthrow the Weimar Republic and seize power. [11] It is one of the most prosperous[12] and fastest growing[13] cities in Germany. . They are central to the city's culture and serve as a kind of melting pot for members of all walks of life, for locals, expatriates and tourists alike. [81][82] The proximity to the Alps brings higher volumes of rainfall and consequently greater susceptibility to flood problems. Several national and international authorities are located in Munich, including the Federal Finance Court of Germany, the German Patent Office and the European Patent Office. Other major inter city connections connected by EuroCity-trains or InterCityExpresses would be . Prominent literary figures worked in Munich especially during the final decades of the Kingdom of Bavaria, the so-called Prinzregentenzeit (literally "prince regent's time") under the reign of Luitpold, Prince Regent of Bavaria, a period often described as a cultural Golden Age for both Munich and Bavaria as a whole. Nuremberg (Nrnberg) is full of tradition and innovation. Munich remained a centre of cultural life during the Weimar period, with figures such as Lion Feuchtwanger, Bertolt Brecht, Peter Paul Althaus, Stefan George, Ricarda Huch, Joachim Ringelnatz, Oskar Maria Graf, Annette Kolb, Ernst Toller, Hugo Ball and Klaus Mann adding to the already established big names. In addition, these paths go through public squares and open spaces increasing the enjoyment of the trip (see image). Another church of Johann Michael Fischer is St George in Bogenhausen. 1st time at Hilton Garden Inn West and will return next time in Munich. A stage for shows, big events and musicals is the Deutsche Theater. The city's oldest park is the Hofgarten, near the Residenz, dating back to the 16th century. As of 31 December 2017, 31.8% of the city's inhabitants were Catholic, 11.4% Protestant, 0.3% Jewish,[93] and 3.6% were members of an Orthodox Church (Eastern Orthodox or Oriental Orthodox). Munich also played a significant role in the development of electronic music, with genre pioneer Giorgio Moroder, who invented synth disco and electronic dance music, and Donna Summer, one of disco music's most important performers, both living and working in the city. Helles has largely replaced Munich's dark beer, Dunkles, which gets its colour from roasted malt. Multiple beer gardens can be found in both parts of the Englischer Garten, the most well-known being located at the Chinese Pagoda. Summary about cost of living in Nuremberg, Germany: Family of four estimated monthly costs are 3,112$ (2,682) without rent. [14], Munich's economy is based on high tech, automobiles, the service sector and creative industries, as well as IT, biotechnology, engineering and electronics among many other sectors. Showers and thunderstorms bring the highest average monthly precipitation in late spring and throughout the summer. $20).[154]. The following institutes are located in the Munich area: Munich has the strongest economy of any German city according to a study[150] and the lowest unemployment rate (5.4% in July 2020) of any German city of more than a million people (the others being Berlin, Hamburg and Cologne). Munich Peace Church a treasure built of garbage. At the Nationaltheater several of Richard Wagner's operas were premiered under the patronage of Ludwig II of Bavaria. Jubilums-Festschrift. In the Isarvorstadt you will find the Deutsches Museum and the famous Glockenbachviertel (scene quarter with pubs, restaurants, gays and lesbians). [52], The Prince Regent Luitpold's reign from 1886 till 1912 was marked by tremendous artistic and cultural activity in Munich. The Lenbachhaus houses works by the group of Munich-based modernist artists known as Der Blaue Reiter (The Blue Rider). Schloss Frstenried (Frstenried Palace), a baroque palace of similar structure to Nymphenburg but of much smaller size, was erected around the same time in the south west of Munich. Munich, by contrast, has been governed by the SPD for all but six years since 1948. The Alte Pinakothek contains a treasure trove of the works of European masters between the 14th and 18th centuries. After World War I, the city was at the centre of substantial political unrest. The Prinzregententheater is at Prinzregentenplatz further to the east. The area occupied by former East Germany has a much smaller population than the former West (about 16 million people, compared with about 67 million), but its productivity is lower even when. Trains. [citation needed], Next to the Bavarian Staatsschauspiel in the Residenz Theatre (Residenztheater), the Munich Kammerspiele in the Schauspielhaus is one of the most important German-language theatres in the world. Next door to the Residenz the neo-classical opera, the National Theatre was erected. Bavaria's main cities are Munich (its capital and largest city and also the third largest city in Germany), Nuremberg, and Augsburg. Next door, the modern Residenz Theatre was erected in the building that had housed the Cuvillis Theatre before World War II. The Munich cuisine contributes to the Bavarian cuisine. Communism: The Politics of Self-Representation Among Displaced Persons in Munich, 1945-51', PhD thesis, University of Chicago, 2005; Henriette von Holleuffer, Zwischen Fremde und . [160] Munich enjoys a thriving economy, driven by the information technology, biotechnology, and publishing sectors. For other uses, see, Cultural history trails and bicycle routes. The city continued to play a highly significant role in the German economy, politics and culture, giving rise to its nickname Heimliche Hauptstadt ("secret capital") in the decades after World War II. The fields are now part of the Theresienwiese and the celebrations developed into Munich's annual Oktoberfest. Germany became a federation of 16 states after the unification of the two sides. After winning the bid in 1966 the Mayor of Munich Hans-Jochen Vogel accelerated the construction of the U-Bahn subway and the S-Bahn metropolitan commuter railway. In Fasangarten is the former McGraw Kaserne, a former US army base, near Stadelheim Prison. St. Lukas is the largest Protestant Church in Munich. [77] Mass murders also occurred in Munich in 1980 and 2016. Eventually, he moved to Bavaria. [23] A Roman settlement north-east of downtown Munich was excavated in the neighborhood of Denning/Bogenhausen. Ludwigvorstadt and Isarvorstadt. [117], March and April, city-wide:[118] Starkbierfest is held for three weeks during Lent, between Carnival and Easter,[119] celebrating Munich's strong beer. The Ultimate History of BMW. [73] Munich also became known on the political level due to the strong influence of Bavarian politician Franz Josef Strauss from the 1960s to the 1980s. After World War II, Munich soon again became a focal point of the German literary scene and remains so to this day, with writers as diverse as Wolfgang Koeppen, Erich Kstner, Eugen Roth, Alfred Andersch, Elfriede Jelinek, Hans Magnus Enzensberger, Michael Ende, Franz Xaver Kroetz, Gerhard Polt and Patrick Sskind calling the city their home. Holger.Ellgaard. [citation needed], The city is known as the second-largest publishing centre in the world (around 250 publishing houses have offices in the city), and many national and international publications are published in Munich, such as Arts in Munich, LAXMag and Prinz. The city was home to the Blue Rider's painters Paul Klee, Wassily Kandinsky, Alexej von Jawlensky, Gabriele Mnter, Franz Marc, August Macke and Alfred Kubin.